Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery (MIS) or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique that allows operations to be performed through small incisions using specialized instruments and a camera. This approach offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, including reduced pain, shorter recovery times, and smaller scars. In laparoscopic surgery, a thin, flexible tube with a camera (laparoscope) is inserted through a small incision, providing the surgeon with a magnified view of the internal organs on a monitor. Other instruments are then inserted through additional small incisions to perform the necessary surgical procedures. This technique is commonly used in various surgical specialties, including gynecology, urology, gastroenterology, and general surgery.